How to properly cite sources in a speech

HOW TO PROPERLY CITE SOURCES IN A SPEECH FULL

If trimming your citation, leave in the most important information: e.g. ItвЂ™s okay if you donвЂ™t have enough space for all the information you would put on a formally formatted reference list. Make the citation big enough so people can see it from anywhere in the room.Use italics for the source (and then use underlining, not italics, for book titles).Distinguish your citations from the information by using one of these methods:.Remember the public speaking maxim: your visuals should guide your audienceвЂ™s attention and support what youвЂ™re saying, not distract from what youвЂ™re saying. Again, keep in mind how much information your audience can handle at once. You need to cite-as-you-go on your visuals too, because your audience canвЂ™t page back and forth in your PowerPoint. In the same way that you cite the source of everything in your paper that did not originate in your own head, you must also cite the sources of the text and images that appear on your visuals. If people can see you clearly, you can use вЂњair quotesвЂќ by holding up one or both of your hands and moving your pointer and index fingers up and down, as if you were drawing quotation marks in the air.Say вЂњQuoteвЂќ immediately before you start reading the quote, and then say вЂњEndquoteвЂќ immediately after the last words of the quote.The two methods below, while not preferable, are also acceptable. Pause slightly again after the quote to indicate switching back to your own voice.В This is the best method, but not easy to master quickly. Pause slightly after the introductory phrase, then read the quote expressively so thatВ the quoteВ sounds like a second voice.Clearly tell the audience what is quoted by marking the beginning and end of the quotes using one of the following options:.both popular press articles and scholarly articles), or when you rely heavily on one or two sources that you present up front. This can work well when you combine original research and published resources, when you work with different fields (e.g. You might choose give your audience a brief (a couple of sentences) overview of how you did your research, much like the вЂњmethodologyвЂќ part of a scientific study or the вЂњliterature reviewвЂќ in a scholarly article in the social sciences and humanities.you conducted a survey, interview, experiment, or observation), just simply tell your audience what you did. If your source is original research (e.g.

Give your audience just enough detail to help them understand who provided the idea or information and how credible the source is.Katherine Z, a journalist writing for the prestigious New York Times, offers this exampleвЂ¦.Farooq Y, author of the well-researched 2010 study, Early American Nutrition and Politics, argues thatвЂ¦.According to Joseph X, a professor of Yada Yada at Blah Blah University,вЂ¦.Use an introductory phrase such as one of the following:.The citation needs to be brief, because itвЂ™s hard to digest the citation while evaluating the information, both of which are given within a few secondsвЂ™ time. Since listening to a live presentation is a linear process (you canвЂ™t skim or jump around and hear it out of chronological order), itвЂ™s best to introduce the source before you present the information, so your audience members are ready to evaluate the information with the source (and your view of it) in mind when they hear the material from the source.

In an oral presentation, your audience canвЂ™t flip back and forth between in-text citations and a reference list, nor can they look for a footnote or an endnote: you need to tell them where the information, idea, or words come from as you say it.

HOW TO PROPERLY CITE SOURCES IN A SPEECH FULL

Have a full reference list handy for answering questions.

Adapt a citation format to cite the sources of what is written on your visuals.

When you cite sources in an oral presentation, there are 3 basic parts Sometimes this is called giving credit, attributing, or referencing. Academics - Academic Departments - Language and Literature - Research Conference - Citing Sources in an Oral Presentation Citing Sources in an Oral PresentationД¬iting your sources just means telling where you got particular ideas or bits of information that did not originate in your own head.

How to properly cite sources in a speech